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Quiz Chapter 15: Sexual Reproduction, Development and Growth in Humans and Animals

10 questions · Form 4 Biology Bab 14: Sexual Reproduction, Development and Growth in Humans and Animals

10 questions · plays in fullscreen

Full Question List & Answer Key

Prefer reading to quizzing? All 10 questions are listed below with the answer and explanation under each one.

1. Which structure connects the embryo to the placenta and houses blood vessels for exchange?

  1. A. Amniotic sac
  2. B. Umbilical cord
  3. C. Chorionic villi
  4. D. Allantois
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Answer: B

The umbilical cord links the fetal abdomen to the placenta, carrying umbilical arteries and veins.

2. At what stage of cell division is the secondary oocyte held prior to successful fertilization by a sperm?

  1. A. Prophase I
  2. B. Anaphase I
  3. C. Metaphase II
  4. D. Telophase II
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Answer: C

During oogenesis, the secondary oocyte starts Meiosis II but pauses at Metaphase II until fertilization triggers completion.

3. Which hormone surge directly triggers ovulation (release of the secondary oocyte) around Day 14 of the menstrual cycle?

  1. A. Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH)
  2. B. Luteinizing Hormone (LH)
  3. C. Progesterone
  4. D. Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG)
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Answer: B

A sharp rise in Luteinizing Hormone (LH surge) triggers the rupture of the Graafian follicle and release of the secondary oocyte.

4. How many functional mature ova are produced from a single primary oocyte at the completion of oogenesis?

  1. A. 4
  2. B. 2
  3. C. 1
  4. D. 8
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Answer: C

Oogenesis produces only 1 functional, nutrient-rich ovum along with 3 tiny polar bodies that degenerate.

5. Why are human testes housed outside the main abdominal cavity inside the scrotum?

  1. A. To allow space for seminal fluid storage
  2. B. To maintain a lower temperature ideal for optimal spermatogenesis
  3. C. To prevent physical compression during muscle contraction
  4. D. To increase testosterone absorption directly into blood capillaries
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Answer: B

Sperm production requires a temperature 2°C to 3°C lower than core body temperature, which is maintained by the external position of the scrotum.

6. Why does maternal blood and fetal blood remain separated inside the placenta?

  1. A. To allow fast diffusion of red blood cells
  2. B. To protect fragile fetal capillaries from high maternal blood pressure and prevent agglutination from incompatible blood groups
  3. C. To prevent all hormones from crossing into the foetus
  4. D. Because maternal blood contains no dissolved oxygen
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Answer: B

Separation of blood streams prevents damage to delicate fetal microvessels and avoids fatal immune reactions if blood types differ.

7. What type of growth curve is produced when measuring the body length of an insect over time?

  1. A. Smooth S-shaped (sigmoid) curve
  2. B. Intermittent step-like curve
  3. C. Straight linear curve
  4. D. Bell-shaped normal distribution curve
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Answer: B

Insects display a staircase/step-like (intermittent) growth curve because actual body expansion only occurs in brief bursts following ecdysis.

8. What is the key physiological function of Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG) secreted by the early blastocyst?

  1. A. Stimulating milk production in mammary glands
  2. B. Maintaining the corpus luteum so it continues secreting progesterone and estrogen
  3. C. Inhibiting uterine wall thickening during early pregnancy
  4. D. Inducing strong uterine muscle contractions during labor
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Answer: B

hCG prevents corpus luteum degeneration during early pregnancy, ensuring ongoing progesterone production to maintain the endometrium.

9. What is the primary role of the acrosome located at the head of a mature sperm cell?

  1. A. Producing ATP for flagellar propulsion
  2. B. Containing hydrolytic enzymes to digest the outer protective layer of the oocyte
  3. C. Storing genetic material in haploid form
  4. D. Binding nutrients from seminal plasma
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Answer: B

The acrosome contains digestive enzymes (such as hyaluronidase) that break down the corona radiata and zona pellucida surrounding the secondary oocyte.

10. What process allows insects with a hard chitinous exoskeleton to increase in body size during growth?

  1. A. Metamorphosis
  2. B. Ecdysis
  3. C. Gametogenesis
  4. D. Parthenogenesis
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Answer: B

Ecdysis is the periodic shedding of the rigid outer exoskeleton, enabling soft underlying tissues to expand before the new cuticle hardens.

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